Research

• Asaadi, S.; Kakko, T.; King, A.W.T.; Kilpeläinen I.; Hummel M., Sixta H. (2018): High-Performance Acetylated Ioncell-F Fibers with Low Degree of Substitution. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Article ASAP. Read the publication
• Ruokonen, S-K.; Sanwald, C.; Robciuc, A.; Hietala, S.; Rantamäki, A.H.; Witos, J.; King, A.W.T.; Lämmerhofer, M.; Wiedmer, S.K. (2018): Correlation between ionic liquid cytotoxicity and liposome-ionic liquid interactions, Chemistry: European Journal, 24(11), 2669–2680. Read the publication
• Ma, Y.; Stubb, J.; Kontro, I.; Nieminen, K.; Hummel, M.; Sixta, H. (2018): Filament spinning of unbleached birch kraft pulps: effect of pulping intensity on the processability and the fiber properties. Carbohydrate Polymers, 179, 145–151. Read the publication
• King, A.W.T.; Mäkelä, V.; Kedzior, S.A.; Laaksonen, T.; Partl, G.J.; Heikkinen, S.; Koskela, H.; Heikkinen, H.A.; Holding, A.J.; Cranston, E.D.; Kilpeläinen, I. (2018): Liquid-State NMR Analysis of Nanocelluloses Biomacromolecules, in press. Read the publication
• Asaadi, S.; Hummel, M.; Ahvenainen, P.; Gubitosi, M.; Olsson, U.; Sixta, H. (2018): Structural analysis of Ioncell-F fibres from birch wood. Carbohydrate Polymers, accepted.
• Kakko, T.; King, A.W.T.; Kilpeläinen, I. (2017): Homogenous esterification of cellulose pulp in [DBNH][OAc], Cellulose, 24(12), 5341–5354. Read the publication
• Holding, A.J.; Parviainen, A.; Kilpeläinen, I.; Soto, A.; King, A.W.T.; Rodríguez, H. (2017): Efficiency of hydrophobic phosphonium ionic liquids and DMSO as recyclable cellulose dissolution and regeneration media, RSC Adv., 7, 17451–17461. Read the publication
• Ruokonen, S-K.; Sanwald, C.; Sundvik, M.; Polnick, S.; Vyavaharkar, K.; Duša, F.; Holding, A.J.; King, A.W.T.; Kilpeläinen, I.; Lämmerhofer, M.; Panula, P.;  Wiedmer, S.K. (2016): Effect of Ionic Liquids on Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Viability, Behavior, and Histology; Correlation between Toxicity and Ionic Liquid Aggregation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 7116−7125. Read the publication
• Bulota, M.; Michud, A.; Hummel, M.; Hughes, M.; Sixta, H. (2016): The effect of hydration on the micromechanics of regenerated cellulose fibres from ionic liquid solutions of varying draw ratios, Carbohydrate Polymers, 151: 1110–1114. Read the publication
• Michud, A.; Hummel, M.; Sixta, H. (2016): Influence of process parameters on the structure formation of man-made cellulosic fibers from ionic liquid solution, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 133 (30): 43718. Read the publication
• Hauru, L.K.J.; Hummel, M.; Nieminen, K.; Michud, A.; Sixta, H, (2016): Cellulose regeneration and spinnability from ionic liquids, Soft Matter, 12 (5): 1487–1495. Read the publication
• Ma, Y.; Hummel, M.; Määttänen, M.; Särkilahti, A.; Harlin, A.; Sixta, H. (2016): Upcycling of waste paper and cardboard to textiles, Green Chemistry, 18 (3): 858–866.
  Read the publication
• Santamala, H.; Livingston, R.; Sixta, H.; Hummel, M.; Skrifvars, M.; Saarela, O. (2016): Advantages of regenerated cellulose fibres as compared to flax fibres in the processability and mechanical performance of thermoset composites. Composites, Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 84: 377–385. Read the publication
• Hummel, M.; Michud, A.; Tanttu, M.; Asaadi, S.; Ma, Y.; Hauru, L.K.J.; Parviainen, A.; King, A.W.T.; Kilpelainen, I.; Sixta, H. (2016): Ionic liquids for the production of man-made cellulosic fibers - opportunities and challenges. Advances in Polymer Science, 271: 133–168. Read the publication
• Holding, A.J.; Mäkelä, V.; Tolonen,L.; Sixta, H.; Kilpelainen, I.; King, A.W.T., (2016): Solution-state one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy of high-molecular-weight cellulose. ChemSusChem, 9(8): 880–892. Read the publication
• Stepan, A.M.; Michud, A.; Hellsten, S.; Hummel, M.; Sixta, H., (2016): IONCELL-​P&F: Pulp Fractionation and Fiber Spinning with Ionic Liquids. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 55(29): 8225–8233. Read the publication
• Byrne, N.; Setty, M.; Blight, S.; Tadros, R.; Ma, Y.; Sixta, H.; Hummel, M. (2016): Cellulose-Derived Carbon Fibers Produced via a Continuous Carbonization Process: Investigating Precursor Choice and Carbonization Conditions. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 217: 2517–2524. Read the publication
• Wanasekara, N.D.; Michud, A.; Zhu, Chenchen, Rahatekar, S.; Sixta, H.; Eichhorn, St.J. (2016): Deformation mechanism in ionic liquid spun cellulose fibres. Polymer, 99: 222–230. Read the publication
• Mikkola, S-K.; Robciuc, A.; Lokajová, J.; Holding, A.J.; Lämmerhofer, M.; Kilpeläinen, I.; Holopainen, J.M.; King, A.W.T.; Wiedmer, S.K. (2015): Impact of Amphiphilic Biomass-Dissolving Ionic Liquids on Biological Cells and Liposomes, Environ. Sci. Technol, 49, 1870−1878. Read the publication
• Ma, Y.; Asaadi, S.; Johansson, L.-S.; Ahvenainen, P.; Reza, M.; Alekhina, M.; Rautkari, L.; Michud, Anne; Hauru, L.; Hummel, M.; Sixta, H. (2015): High-Strength Composite Fibers from Cellulose-Lignin Blends Regenerated from Ionic Liquid Solution, ChemSusChem, 8 (23): 4030-4039. Read the publication
• Michud, A., Hummel, M.; Haward, S.; Sixta, H. (2015): Monitoring of cellulose depolymerization in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate by shear and elongational rheology. Carbohydrate Polymers, 117(6): 355–363. Read the publication
• Sixta, H.; Michud, A.; Hauru, L.; Asaadi, S.; Ma, Y.; King, A.W.T.; Kilpeläinen, I.; Hummel, M. (2015): Ioncell-F: A High-strength regenerated cellulose fibre. Nordic pulp & paper research journal 30 (1): 43–57. Read the publication
• Michud, A.; Hummel, M.; Sixta, H. (2015): Influence of molar mass distribution on the final properties of fibers regenerated from cellulose dissolved in ionic liquid by dry-jet wet spinning. Polymer 75 (28 September 2015): 1–9. Read the publication
• Hummel, M.; Michud, A.; Tanttu, M.; Asaadi, S.; Ma, Y.; Hauru, L.K.J.; Parviainen, A.; King, A.W.T.; Kilpelainen, I.; Sixta, H. (2015) Ionic liquids for the production of man-made cellulosic fibers - opportunities and challenges. Advances in polymer science (24 April 2015): 1–36. Read the publication
• Hummel, M.; Michud, A.; Asaadi, S.; Ma, Y.; Sixta, H.; Tanttu, M.; Netti, E. (2015): High-tenacity textile cellulose fibers from ionic liquid solutions. Chemical Fibers International, 65 (2): 105–107.
• Wawro D.; Steplewski, W.; Madaj, W.; Michud, A.; Hummel, M.; Sixta, H. (2015): Impact of water in the casting of cellulosic film from ionic liquid solutions. Fiber&Textiles in Eastern Europe, 23(4): 25–32.
• Holding, A.J.; Heikkilä M.; Kilpeläinen, I.; King, A.W.T. (2014): Amphiphilic and Phase-Separable Ionic Liquids for Biomass Processing. ChemSusChem, 7, 1422–1434. Read the publication
• Hauru, L.K.J.; Hummel, M.; Michud, A.; Sixta, H. (2014): Dry jet-wet spinning of strong cellulose filaments from ionic liquid solution. Cellulose, 21 (6), 4471–4481. Read the publication
• Wawro, D.; Hummel, M.; Michud, A.; Sixta, H. (2014): Strong cellulose film cast from ionic liquid solutions. Fibres&Textiles in Eastern Europe, 22(3), 35–42.
• Parviainen, A.; King, A.T.W.; Mutikainen, I., Hummel, M.; Selg, Ch., Hauru, L.K.J., Sixta, H. (2013): Predicting cellulose solvating capabilities of acid-based conjugate ionic liquids. ChemSusChem 6(11): 2161–2169. Read the publication
• King, Alistair W.T.; Parviainen, A.; Karhunen,P.; Matikainen,J.; Hauru,L.K.J:; Sixta, H.; Kilpelainen,I. (2012): Relative and inherent reactivities of imidazolium-based ionic liquids: the implications for lignocellulose processing applications. RCS Advances, 2(21): 8020–8026. Read the publication
• Hauru, L.K.J.; Hummel, M.; King, A.W.T.; Kilpeläinen, I.; Sixta, H. (2012): Role of solvent parameters in the regeneration of cellulose from ionic liquid solutions, Biomacromolecules, 13 (9): 2896–2905. Read the publication
• King A.W.T.; Asikkala J.; Mutikainen I.; Järvi P.; Kilpeläinen I. (2011): Distillable Acid–Base Conjugate Ionic Liquids for Cellulose Dissolution and Processing Distillable Salts, Angewandte Chemie, Int. Ed., 50, 6301–6305. Read the publication

Book chapters

• Evangelos Sklavounos, Jussi K.J. Helminen, Lasse Kyllönen, Ilkka Kilpeläinen & Alistair W.T. King: Ionic Liquids: Recycling.  Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry. Online © 2011–2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Read the chapter

Doctoral theses

• Lauri K. J. Hauru (2017): Lignocellulose solutions in ionic liquids. Read the doctoral thesis
• Ashley Holding (2016): Ionic Liquids and Electrolytes for Cellulose Dissolution. Read the doctoral thesis
• Anne Michud (2016): Development of a novel process for the production of man-made cellulosic fibers from ionic liquid solution. Read the doctoral thesis
• Arno Parviainen (2016): Acid-Base Conjugate Ionic Liquids in Lignocellulose Processing: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. Read the doctoral thesis